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2019\u5e7407\u670830\u65e5 10:57 \u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7f51-\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u62a5 \u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u9b4f\u65b0\u4e1c \u6c6a\u51e4\u708e \u5085\u7eea\u8363<\/p>\n

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\u3000\u667a\u6167\u7684\u5185\u6db5<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u667a\u6167\u4e00\u8bcd\u5728\u4e2d\u897f\u6587\u660e\u4e2d\u5747\u51fa\u73b0\u751a\u65e9,\u5f88\u591a\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u90fd\u8ba4\u53ef\u667a\u6167\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u4eba\u4eec\u8fc7\u4e0a\u5e78\u798f\u751f\u6d3b\u300220\u4e16\u7eaa80\u5e74\u4ee3,\u5728\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u9886\u57df,\u65af\u6ed5\u4f2f\u683c\u7b49\u667a\u80fd\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u5b66\u8005\u610f\u8bc6\u5230,\u9ad8\u667a\u80fd\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u52a9\u4eba\u5e78\u798f,\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u8f6c\u5411\u5e76\u4e0e\u201c\u6bd5\u751f\u80fd\u529b\u53d1\u5c55\u201d\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u5b66\u8005\u4e00\u8d77\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u667a\u6167\u3002\u667a\u6167\u662f\u6587\u5316\u7684\u7ed3\u6676,\u65e9\u671f\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e3b\u8981\u63a2\u7a76\u5927\u4f17\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u6587\u5316\u4e0b\u7684\u667a\u6167\u89c2,\u5373\u667a\u6167\u7684\u5185\u9690\u7406\u8bba\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u4f46\u5927\u4f17\u7684\u667a\u6167\u89c2\u5f80\u5f80\u652f\u79bb\u7834\u788e\u3001\u4e0d\u6210\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5e76\u4e14,\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u8fd8\u8ba4\u4e3a,\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u9690\u89c2\u5e76\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u51c6\u786e\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u667a\u6167\u7684\u5185\u6db5\u53ca\u672c\u8d28\u3002\u56e0\u6b64,\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ee5\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u80cc\u666f\u4e0e\u5185\u9690\u89c2\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840,\u63d0\u51fa\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u667a\u6167\u7406\u8bba,\u8fd9\u4e00\u53d6\u5411\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u667a\u6167\u7684\u5916\u663e\u7406\u8bba\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u667a\u6167\u7684\u5916\u663e\u7406\u8bba\u53c8\u53ef\u7ec6\u5206\u4e3a\u80fd\u529b\u4e0e\u4eba\u683c\u4e24\u79cd\u53d6\u5411\u3002\u5176\u4e2d,\u80fd\u529b\u53d6\u5411\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u4e3b\u8981\u6709:\u4ee5\u5df4\u5c14\u7279\u65af(Paul B. Baltes)\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u67cf\u6797\u667a\u6167\u8303\u5f0f\u8ba4\u4e3a,\u667a\u6167\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u6027\u4e13\u5bb6\u77e5\u8bc6\u7cfb\u7edf;\u65af\u6ed5\u4f2f\u683c\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u667a\u6167\u7406\u8bba\u8ba4\u4e3a,\u667a\u6167\u662f\u5728\u79ef\u6781\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u6307\u5bfc\u4e0b,\u8fd0\u7528\u667a\u80fd\u3001\u521b\u9020\u529b\u548c\u77e5\u8bc6\u7ecf\u9a8c,\u5e73\u8861\u4e2a\u4f53\u5185\u90e8\u3001\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5229\u76ca,\u5e73\u8861\u77ed\u671f\u4e0e\u957f\u671f\u5229\u76ca,\u5e73\u8861\u9002\u5e94\u73af\u5883\u4e0e\u5851\u9020\u73af\u5883,\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u798f\u7949;\u683c\u7f57\u65af\u66fc(Igor Grossmann)\u7b49\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a,\u667a\u6167\u5305\u62ec\u7279\u5b9a\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u63a8\u7406(pragmatic reasoning),\u4e3b\u8981\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u7406\u667a\u7684\u8c26\u900a\u3001\u89c6\u91ce\u5b8f\u89c2\u3001\u610f\u8bc6\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u548c\u53d8\u5316\u4e0e\u59a5\u534f\u6216\u6574\u5408\u3002\u4eba\u683c\u53d6\u5411\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec:\u963f\u5fb7\u5c14\u7279(Monika Ardelt)\u7684\u4e09\u7ef4\u667a\u6167\u7406\u8bba\u8ba4\u4e3a,\u667a\u6167\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u8ba4\u77e5\u3001\u53cd\u7701\u548c\u4ec1\u7231(\u60c5\u611f)\u6574\u5408\u800c\u6210\u7684\u4eba\u683c\u7279\u8d28;\u97e6\u4f2f\u65af\u7279(Mic M. Webster)\u7684\u667a\u6167\u7684\u82f1\u96c4\u6a21\u578b(The H. E. R. O. (E.) model of wisdom)\u8ba4\u4e3a,\u667a\u6167\u7531\u91cd\u8981\u4eba\u751f\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3001\u5e7d\u9ed8\u3001\u53cd\u7701\u3001\u5f00\u653e\u6027\u3001\u60c5\u7eea\u8c03\u8282\u4e94\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u6574\u5408\u800c\u6210(\u8be5\u6a21\u578b\u540d\u79f0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e94\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u82f1\u6587\u7684\u9996\u5b57\u6bcd);\u83b1\u6587\u68ee(Michael R. Levenson)\u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u667a\u6167\u81ea\u6211\u8d85\u8d8a(self-transcendence)\u7406\u8bba\u8ba4\u4e3a,\u667a\u6167\u662f\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e0d\u518d\u9760\u5916\u5728\u7279\u5f81\u5f70\u663e\u81ea\u6211\u5b58\u5728,\u800c\u662f\u5173\u6ce8\u5185\u5fc3\u4e16\u754c\u548c\u7cbe\u795e,\u540c\u65f6\u6d88\u89e3\u81ea\u6211\u548c\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u754c\u9650\u8fbe\u5230\u81ea\u6211\u6574\u5408\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u4e2a\u4f53\u6240\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u667a\u6167\u90fd\u662f\u7279\u5b9a\u9886\u57df\u7684,\u56e0\u800c\u667a\u6167\u65e0\u6cd5\u50cf\u4eba\u683c\u90a3\u6837\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u6cdb\u60c5\u5883\u6027,\u4f46\u5728\u4e2a\u4f53\u64c5\u957f\u7684\u9886\u57df\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u6709\u66f4\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u8868\u73b0,\u6240\u4ee5\u667a\u6167\u53c8\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u6b64,\u6c6a\u51e4\u708e\u63d0\u51fa\u667a\u6167\u7684\u5fb7\u624d\u4e00\u4f53\u7406\u8bba,\u4ee5\u6b64\u6765\u6574\u5408\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e24\u79cd\u53d6\u5411\u7684\u667a\u6167\u7814\u7a76,\u8ba4\u4e3a\u667a\u6167\u662f\u4e2a\u4f53\u5728\u5176\u667a\u529b\u4e0e\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a,\u7ecf\u7531\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e0e\u7ec3\u4e60\u4e60\u5f97\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5fb7\u624d\u4e00\u4f53\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u5fc3\u7406\u7d20\u8d28\u3002\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e00\u65e6\u62e5\u6709\u8fd9\u79cd\u7efc\u5408\u5fc3\u7406\u7d20\u8d28,\u5c31\u80fd\u777f\u667a\u3001\u8c41\u8fbe\u5730\u770b\u5f85\u4eba\u751f\u4e0e\u5c55\u73b0\u4eba\u751f,\u5e76\u6d1e\u5bdf\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u5f62\u5f62\u8272\u8272\u7684\u4eba\u4e0e\u4e8b;\u5f53\u8eab\u5904\u67d0\u79cd\u590d\u6742\u95ee\u9898\u60c5\u5883\u65f6,\u5c31\u80fd\u9002\u65f6\u4ea7\u751f\u4e0b\u5217\u884c\u4e3a:\u4e2a\u4f53\u5728\u5176\u826f\u5fc3\u7684\u5f15\u5bfc\u4e0b\u6216\u5584\u826f\u52a8\u673a\u7684\u6fc0\u53d1\u4e0b,\u53ca\u65f6\u8fd0\u7528\u5176\u806a\u660e\u624d\u667a\u53bb\u6b63\u786e\u8ba4\u77e5\u548c\u7406\u89e3\u6240\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u590d\u6742\u95ee\u9898,\u8fdb\u800c\u91c7\u7528\u6b63\u786e\u3001\u65b0\u9896(\u5e38\u5e38\u80fd\u7ed9\u4eba\u7075\u6d3b\u4e0e\u5de7\u5999\u7684\u5370\u8c61)\u4e14\u5408\u4e4e\u4f26\u7406\u9053\u5fb7\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u6216\u65b9\u6cd5\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u5730\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898,\u5e76\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5176\u884c\u52a8\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0d\u4f46\u4e0d\u4f1a\u635f\u5bb3\u4ed6\u4eba\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u6b63\u5f53\u6743\u76ca,\u8fd8\u80fd\u957f\u4e45\u5730\u589e\u8fdb\u4ed6\u4eba\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u6216\u81ea\u5df1\u3001\u4ed6\u4eba\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u798f\u7949\u3002<\/p>\n

\u667a\u80fd\u4e0e\u667a\u6167\u7684\u5f02\u540c<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u667a\u80fd\u4e0e\u667a\u6167\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u91cd\u53e0\u4e4b\u5904,\u4e3b\u8981\u5728\u4e8e\u4e24\u8005\u5747\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u89e3\u51b3\u80fd\u529b,\u8fd9\u79cd\u80fd\u529b\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u4f9d\u8d56\u4ee5\u5206\u6790\u63a8\u7406\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7684\u6d41\u4f53\u667a\u80fd(fluid intelligence),\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u4f9d\u8d56\u901a\u8fc7\u540e\u5929\u5b66\u4e60\u624d\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u589e\u957f\u7684\u6676\u4f53\u667a\u80fd(crystallized intelligence)\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u800c\u8a00,\u7b26\u53f7\u8ba4\u77e5\u6d3e\u7684\u6d41\u4f53\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u7c7b\u4f3c,\u90fd\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u7269\u7406\u7b26\u53f7\u7cfb\u7edf,\u800c\u6676\u4f53\u667a\u80fd\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u9884\u88c5\u5404\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u4e13\u5bb6\u7cfb\u7edf,\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0;\u8054\u7ed3\u6d3e\u5bf9\u6d41\u4f53\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u6e90\u81ea\u5bf9\u4eba\u8111\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u6a21\u62df,\u5176\u5177\u4f53\u539f\u7406\u5c1a\u65e0\u5b9a\u8bba,\u6676\u4f53\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u524d\u8d4b\u4e88,\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u5f0f\u201c\u4ece\u96f6\u5b66\u8d77\u201d,\u4f8b\u5982AlphaGo\u7684\u5347\u7ea7\u7248AlphaGo Zero\u5c31\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5f88\u5feb\u6210\u4e3a\u8d85\u4e00\u6d41\u56f4\u68cb\u9ad8\u624b\u3002<\/p>\n

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2019\u5e7407\u670830\u65e5 10:57 \u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7f51-\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u62a5 \u4f5c\u8005\uff1a … \u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[112,8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8640","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-112","category-8"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.anyishequ.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8640","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.anyishequ.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.anyishequ.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.anyishequ.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.anyishequ.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8640"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.anyishequ.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8640\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9715,"href":"http:\/\/www.anyishequ.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8640\/revisions\/9715"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.anyishequ.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8640"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.anyishequ.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8640"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.anyishequ.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8640"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}