{"id":7066,"date":"2016-12-24T13:56:00","date_gmt":"2016-12-24T05:56:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.anyishequ.cn\/?p=7066"},"modified":"2022-07-12T13:11:57","modified_gmt":"2022-07-12T05:11:57","slug":"%e7%a4%be%e4%bc%9a%e5%8f%b2%e8%b5%b0%e8%bf%9b%e7%94%b0%e9%87%8e%e8%b0%83%e6%9f%a5%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.anyishequ.cn\/?p=7066","title":{"rendered":"\u793e\u4f1a\u53f2\u8d70\u8fdb\u7530\u91ce\u8c03\u67e5\u4ec0\u4e48"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u3000\u3000\u793e\u4f1a\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7530\u91ce\u8c03\u67e5\u4fa7\u91cd\u641c\u96c6\u548c\u89e3\u8bfb\u6c11\u95f4\u6587\u732e<\/strong> <\/p>\n

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\u3000\u3000\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u7684\u7530\u91ce\u8c03\u67e5\u4fa7\u91cd\u89c2\u5bdf\u548c\u4e86\u89e3\u4eba\u7c7b\u884c\u4e3a<\/strong> <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u8bde\u751f\u4e8e19\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u53f6\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66,\u5728\u5176\u65e9\u671f\u53d1\u5c55\u9636\u6bb5\u4e00\u76f4\u4ee5\u4f4e\u53d1\u5c55\u3001\u201c\u539f\u59cb\u201d\u3001\u201c\u843d\u540e\u201d\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u91cd\u70b9\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u5b66\u8005\u591a\u4f9d\u8d56\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u5b98\u5458\u3001\u63a2\u9669\u8005\u3001\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u4ee5\u53ca\u65c5\u884c\u5bb6\u4eec\u641c\u96c6\u7684\u8d44\u6599\u4f5c\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7d20\u6750,\u4ece\u800c\u88ab\u540e\u6765\u8005\u8ba5\u8bbd\u4e3a\u201c\u6447\u6905\u4e0a\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u5bb6\u201d\u300220\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d,\u968f\u7740\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u5bb6\u9a6c\u6797\u8bfa\u592b\u65af\u57fa(Bronislaw Kaspar Malinowski)\u5728\u897f\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u65b0\u51e0\u5185\u4e9a\u4e1c\u90e8\u7684\u7279\u6d1b\u5e03\u91cc\u5b89\u5fb7\u7fa4\u5c9b\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7814\u7a76,\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u7530\u91ce\u8c03\u67e5\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u4f20\u7edf,\u201c\u7530\u91ce\u8c03\u67e5\u201d\u5f00\u59cb\u6210\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u6807\u5fd7\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u8005\u4eec\u4e00\u518d\u5f3a\u8c03\u7530\u91ce\u8c03\u67e5\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u5bb6C.\u6069\u4f2f\u548cM.\u6069\u4f2f(C.Ember&M.Ember)\u89c6\u7530\u91ce\u8c03\u67e5\u4e3a\u201c\u73b0\u4ee3\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u7684\u57fa\u77f3\u201d\u3002\u800c\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u5bb6\u585e\u5229\u683c\u66fc(Charles Seligman)\u66f4\u662f\u58f0\u79f0:\u201c\u7530\u91ce\u8c03\u67e5\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e4b\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u5c31\u5982\u6b89\u9053\u8005\u7684\u8840\u4e4b\u4e8e\u6559\u5802\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u201d\u8fd8\u6709\u4eba\u5c06\u7530\u91ce\u8c03\u67e5\u4e4b\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027,\u6bd4\u62df\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4e4b\u4e8e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u3001\u5316\u5b66\u548c\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u3002\u79bb\u5f00\u4e86\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4,\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b9e\u9a8c\u79d1\u5b66\u663e\u7136\u65e0\u6cd5\u5f00\u5c55\u3002\u540c\u6837,\u79bb\u5f00\u4e86\u7530\u91ce\u8c03\u67e5,\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e5f\u662f\u5bf8\u6b65\u96be\u884c\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u8f83\u4e4b\u793e\u4f1a\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4eec\u7684\u201c\u7530\u91ce\u8c03\u67e5\u201d,\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u7530\u91ce\u5de5\u4f5c\u65e0\u8bba\u4ece\u5185\u5bb9\u8fd8\u662f\u624b\u6bb5\u4e0a\u90fd\u8981\u4e30\u5bcc\u5f97\u591a\u3002\u6982\u7565\u8a00\u4e4b,\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u53c2\u4e0e\u89c2\u5bdf(Participation and Observation)\u3001\u8bbf\u8c08\u3001\u4e3b\u4f4d\u4e0e\u5ba2\u4f4d\u7814\u7a76(Emic\/Etic)\u3001\u6574\u4f53\u89c2(Holism)\u7b49\u3002 <\/p>\n

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\u3000\u3000\u6bd4\u8f83\u793e\u4f1a\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u201c\u7530\u91ce\u8c03\u67e5\u201d\u4e0d\u96be\u53d1\u73b0,\u867d\u7136\u4ece\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0a\u770b\u8fd9\u79cd\u7814\u7a76\u624b\u6bb5\u4e0d\u65e0\u76f8\u540c\u4e4b\u5904,\u4f46\u5374\u4fdd\u6301\u7740\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u7279\u70b9\u3002\u793e\u4f1a\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u4fa7\u91cd\u4e8e\u201c\u53f2\u201d,\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u66f4\u5173\u6ce8\u201c\u4eba\u201d\u3002 <\/p>\n

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