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\u30002.\u865a\u5b9e\u5171\u751f\u8303\u5f0f\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u7279\u5f81<\/strong> <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5728\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u67b6\u6784\u4e0b\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u53ca\u5176\u5408\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u5448\u73b0\u51fa\u4eba\u673a\u4ea4\u4e92\u6027\u3001\u4eba\u4eba\u5171\u751f\u6027\u7b49\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u72ec\u6709\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u8fdb\u5165\u7f51\u7edc\u65f6\u4ee3\u540e\uff0c\u4eba\u7f51\u5408\u4e00\u7684\u5d4c\u5408\u7ed3\u6784\u4f7f\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u548c\u76f8\u4e92\u5408\u4f5c\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u501f\u52a9\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u8fd9\u4e00\u5de8\u578b\u5de5\u5177\u624d\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u4e5f\u5fc5\u987b\u4ee5\u67d0\u79cd\u5171\u5728\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u4ece\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u52a8\u6447\u4e86\u4ee5\u5f80\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u6839\u57fa\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5173\u4e8e\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u89c4\u5236\u6a21\u5f0f\u867d\u6709\u4e24\u5206\u3001\u4e09\u5206\u751a\u81f3\u56db\u5206\u6cd5\u4e4b\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f46\u90fd\u662f\u4ece\u4e24\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u89c2\u70b9\u884d\u751f\u800c\u6765\u7684\uff1a\u5176\u4e00\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u7a7a\u95f4(cybersociety)\u672c\u4f4d\u89c2\uff0c\u5176\u4e8c\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u793e\u4f1a(network society)\u672c\u4f4d\u89c2\u3002\u5728\u4f20\u7edf\u601d\u7ef4\u60ef\u6027\u4e0b\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u865a\u62df\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0e\u73b0\u5b9e\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u5b9e\u8df5\u662f\u5206\u79bb\u751a\u81f3\u5bf9\u7acb\u7684\u3002\u5728\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u601d\u7ef4\u4e0b\uff0c\u201c\u865a\u62df\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u73b0\u5b9e\u201d\u662f\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u4eba\u7c7b\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u5b58\u5728\u6837\u6001\u3002\u4ece\u54f2\u5b66\u9ad8\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u201c\u2018\u5728\u7ebf\u2019\u4e0e\u2018\u5728\u4e16\u2019\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u751f\u7269\u5b9e\u4f53\u5728\u4e24\u79cd\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u65b9\u5f0f\u201d\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u201c\u2018\u5728\u7ebf\u2019\u4e0e\u2018\u5728\u4e16\u2019\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u76f8\u4e92\u5d4c\u5165\u7684\u751f\u5b58\u5173\u7cfb\u201d\u3002\u2462\u7531\u6b64\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u7684\u865a\u4e0e\u5b9e\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5171\u751f\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u786e\u7acb\u4e00\u79cd\u4ee5\u2018\u5171\u751f\u2019\u4e3a\u5bfc\u5411\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u5373\u4ee5\u5bfb\u6c42\u865a\u62df\u548c\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u5171\u751f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u5efa\u6784\u4eba\u7c7b\u672a\u6765\u751f\u6d3b\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u4ef7\u503c\u548c\u7406\u60f3\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u6b64\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u53bb\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u79cd\u80fd\u591f\u5c55\u73b0\u548c\u652f\u6491\u4eba\u7c7b\u672a\u6765\u751f\u5b58\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e4b\u5408\u7406\u524d\u666f\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u5e73\u53f0\u201d\u2463\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u865a\u5b9e\u5171\u751f\u8303\u5f0f\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u884c\u4e3a\u751a\u81f3\u7f51\u540d\u90fd\u5448\u73b0\u51fa\u865a\u62df\u4e0e\u73b0\u5b9e\u5171\u751f\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5b83\u8981\u6c42\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u4e5f\u5177\u5907\u8fd9\u79cd\u6df7\u5408\u7980\u8d4b\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u30003.\u56fd\u9645\u653f\u6cbb\u751f\u6001\u5f71\u54cd\u7740\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u884c\u4e3a<\/strong> <\/p>\n

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\u3000\u3000\u8fc4\u4eca\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u6709\u9650\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6cbb\u7406\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u9009\u62e9\u3001\u53ef\u8c03\u8282\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e\u5176\u653f\u6cbb\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u5236\u4ee5\u53ca\u6587\u5316\u4f20\u7edf\u6709\u5173\u3002\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e2d\uff0c\u96c6\u4e2d\u504f\u597d\u7684\u6cbb\u7406\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5982\u65e5\u672c\u3001\u65b0\u52a0\u5761\uff0c\u5206\u6563\u504f\u597d\u7684\u6cbb\u7406\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5982\u7f8e\u56fd\u3001\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f17\u591a\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u5f0f\u6cbb\u7406\u5b9a\u4f4d\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u5408\u7406\u8574\u6db5\u3002\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u5728\u8ba8\u8bba\u8fd9\u7c7b\u6cbb\u7406\u7ecf\u9a8c\u65f6\uff0c\u6216\u5f3a\u8c03\u5176\u666e\u9002\u6027\u6216\u5206\u6790\u5176\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u6587\u5316\u80cc\u666f\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5f71\u54cd\u653f\u5e9c\u6cbb\u7406\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u653f\u6cbb\u751f\u6001\u3002\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u56fa\u6709\u7684\u8de8\u56fd\u6027\uff0c\u65e2\u662f\u5176\u7279\u8272\u6240\u5728\u4e5f\u662f\u5176\u96be\u70b9\u4e4b\u4e00\u30022003\u5e7412\u6708\uff0c\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ec4\u66fe\u786e\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a\u201c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6cbb\u7406\u5c31\u662f\u5404\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u3001\u4f01\u4e1a\u754c\u548c\u6c11\u95f4\u56e2\u4f53\u4ece\u4ed6\u4eec\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u516c\u8ba4\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u5851\u9020\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u6f14\u53d8\u53ca\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u539f\u5219\u3001\u89c4\u8303\u3001\u89c4\u5219\u3001\u51b3\u7b56\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6240\u505a\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u201d\u6b64\u540e\u5404\u5229\u76ca\u76f8\u5173\u65b9\u9646\u7eed\u5c31\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u56fd\u9645\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u8fbe\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5171\u8bc6\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u6db5\u76d6\u6280\u672f\u548c\u516c\u5171\u653f\u7b56\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u5185\u7684\u5404\u5229\u76ca\u76f8\u5173\u65b9\u5747\u5e94\u53c2\u4e0e\u6cbb\u7406\uff1b\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6cbb\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5e94\u662f\u5f00\u653e\u548c\u5305\u5bb9\u7684\uff0c\u591a\u8fb9\u7684\u3001\u900f\u660e\u7684\u3001\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\uff1b\u4e0e\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6cbb\u7406\u6709\u5173\u7684\u516c\u5171\u653f\u7b56\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u5404\u6210\u5458\u56fd\u4e3b\u6743\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u6210\u5458\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u6709\u6743\u5229\u548c\u8d23\u4efb\u5bf9\u4e0e\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6709\u5173\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u516c\u5171\u653f\u7b56\u4e8b\u5b9c\u8fdb\u884c\u6cbb\u7406\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u4f46\u5728\u5404\u56fd\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u600e\u6837\u5b9a\u4e49\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u4ecd\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u653f\u6cbb\u751f\u6001\u4e2d\u7ec6\u7ec6\u6743\u8861\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u6587\u5316\u751f\u6001\u4e2d\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u6587\u5316\u6001\u52bf\u662f\u653f\u5e9c\u9009\u62e9\u5176\u6cbb\u7406\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8003\u91cf\u3002\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u5e94\u9a8c\u4e86\u201c\u5730\u7403\u6751\u201d\u5f0f\u7684\u731c\u60f3\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u5bf9\u201c\u5927\u4e00\u7edf\u6587\u5316\u201d\u7684\u9884\u8a00\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u58f0\u52bf\u6781\u5927\u7684\u6240\u8c13\u666e\u904d\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e3b\u5f20\u3002\u5e94\u8be5\u8bf4\uff0c\u666e\u904d\u4e3b\u4e49\u5173\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u6587\u5316\u5b58\u5728\u5171\u540c\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u666e\u904d\u89c4\u5f8b\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7b26\u5408\u201c\u5de5\u5177\u8131\u57df\u201d\u6240\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u6587\u5316\u4ea4\u878d\u8d8b\u5411\u3002\u4f46\u5404\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u5b9a\u4f4d\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u65f6\u6240\u601d\u8651\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u67b6\u6784\u4e0b\uff0c\u666e\u904d\u4e3b\u4e49\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u51e0\u4e4e\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u5316\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5168\u7403\u5316\u3001\u897f\u65b9\u5316\u3001\u666e\u9002\u6587\u5316\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u67d0\u79cd\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u9738\u6743\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b9e\u529b\u4ece\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u51b3\u5b9a\u7740\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u3002\u5e94\u8be5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4ecd\u5904\u4e8e\u5f3a\u6743\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u63a8\u884c\u4e5f\u662f\u4f9d\u9644\u4e8e\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b9e\u529b\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u5982\u4f55\u8bba\u8bc1\u3001\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u4e0a\u5982\u4f55\u7ea0\u7ed3\uff0c\u5404\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u5b9a\u4f4d\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u65f6\u90fd\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u821e\u53f0\u4e2d\u7684\u786c\u5b9e\u529b\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0c\u6c11\u65cf\u81ea\u4fe1\u3001\u6587\u5316\u81ea\u4fe1\u90fd\u662f\u4ee5\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b9e\u529b\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\uff0c\u666e\u904d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5185\u5bb9\u4e5f\u4f1a\u56e0\u56fd\u9645\u653f\u6cbb\u751f\u6001\u7684\u53d8\u8fc1\u800c\u6709\u6240\u53d8\u5316\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000\u4e8c\u3001\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5185\u6db5<\/strong> <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5bf9\u4e8e\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u65e2\u8981\u7acb\u8db3\u4e8e\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5de5\u5177\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u53c8\u8981\u7a81\u7834\u201c\u4f20\u7edf\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u73b0\u4ee3\u201d\u7684\u4e24\u5206\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u4f9d\u6b64\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u8d77\u70b9\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u5bf9\u7f51\u7edc\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u7406\u6027\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u5fae\u89c2\u5f62\u6001\u4e0a\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u7f51\u6c11\u751f\u6d3b\u6837\u6001\u7684\u8303\u5f0f\u5316\uff0c\u5728\u5b8f\u89c2\u5f62\u6001\u4e0a\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u5408\u4f5c\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u5316\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u5386\u53f2\u5f62\u6001\u5219\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5747\u8861\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u30001.\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u8d77\u70b9\u662f\u5bf9\u7f51\u7edc\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u7406\u6027\u9009\u62e9<\/strong> <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u73b0\u4ee3\u4fe1\u606f\u6280\u672f\u4e00\u7ecf\u51fa\u73b0\u5c31\u5177\u5907\u4e86\u7ef4\u7eb3(N.Wiener)\u6240\u8a00\u7684\u201c\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u6027\u8d28\u201d\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u201c\u53ea\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u7814\u7a76\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u901a\u8baf\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u8ba4\u8bc6\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u4eba\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u201c\u4e00\u79cd\u901a\u8baf\u5b58\u5728\u6027\u201d\u3002\u2466\u9ed8\u987f(R.K.Merton)\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u201c\u662f\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u4e92\u52a9\u4f7f\u79d1\u5b66\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u786e\u5b9a\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u91cd\u5927\u800c\u6301\u4e45\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u201d\u2467\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u4e92\u52a9\u4e5f\u4f7f\u793e\u4f1a\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u786e\u5b9a\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6280\u672f\u63a8\u52a8\u4e0b\u83b7\u5f97\u5de8\u5927\u800c\u6301\u4e45\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u3002\u7f51\u7edc\u6280\u672f\u4e0e\u5f53\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u6070\u597d\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u79cd\u826f\u6027\u4e92\u52a9\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5173\u7cfb\u53c8\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7279\u5f81\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u529f\u80fd\u5177\u6709\u793e\u4f1a\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u8d4b\u4e88\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u975e\u6280\u672f\u5185\u6db5\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u56fa\u7136\u8981\u9075\u4ece\u201c\u7f51\u7edc\u5de5\u5177\u903b\u8f91\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u7f51\u7edc\u5de5\u5177\u9996\u5148\u8981\u88ab\u793e\u4f1a\u6240\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u201c\u5de5\u5177\u83dc\u5355\u201d\u9700\u8981\u7ecf\u5386\u4e00\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u6574\u5408\u4e0e\u8c03\u9002\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u76f8\u5bb9\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u8fd9\u4e3b\u8981\u8868\u73b0\u5728\uff1a\u5176\u4e00\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u6027\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u6240\u8d4b\u4e88\u7684\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u4ea7\u7269\uff0c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5e73\u53f0\u5e76\u65e0\u76ee\u7684\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u5219\u5177\u6709\u660e\u786e\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6307\u5411\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u52b3\u52a8\u4f7f\u733f\u53d8\u4e3a\u4eba\uff0c\u4eba\u53c8\u901a\u8fc7\u52b3\u52a8\u6765\u5236\u9020\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6280\u672f\u83b7\u5f97\u793e\u4f1a\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4f5c\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u4ea4\u6d41\u5de5\u5177\u5728\u76f8\u5f53\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u76ee\u7684\u6027\u7684\u4f53\u73b0\u3002\u5176\u4e8c\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u540e\u679c\u53d7\u63a7\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u539f\u5b50\u80fd\u6280\u672f\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u9020\u51fa\u6740\u4eba\u6b66\u5668\u539f\u5b50\u5f39\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u9020\u798f\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u540e\u679c\u4e5f\u662f\u6b63\u8d1f\u517c\u6709\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u603b\u7684\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u540e\u679c\u4e5f\u662f\u53ef\u63a7\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u6548\u7528\u662f\u7531\u793e\u4f1a\u6765\u9009\u62e9\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u3002\u5176\u4e09\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u6f14\u8fdb\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53d7\u793e\u4f1a\u56e0\u7d20\u5236\u7ea6\u3002\u6280\u672f\u53d1\u5c55\u53f2\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u65b0\u6280\u672f\u90fd\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u79cd\u6f14\u8fdb\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u8fc7\u7a0b\u603b\u662f\u53d7\u5230\u5404\u79cd\u793e\u4f1a\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u5236\u7ea6\u3002\u636e\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u7684\u5e0c\u7f57(Hero)\u5f88\u65e9\u5c31\u53d1\u660e\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u84b8\u6c7d\u52a8\u529b\u673a\u68b0\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u84b8\u6c7d\u673a\u7684\u539f\u578b\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u5f53\u65f6\u793e\u4f1a\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5236\u7ea6\uff0c\u5b83\u6f14\u5316\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u9ad8\u7ea7\u73a9\u5177\u3002\u800c\u540c\u6837\u7684\u539f\u7406\u548c\u673a\u68b0\uff0c\u5374\u572818\u4e16\u7eaa\u53d1\u5c55\u6210\u4e3a\u84b8\u6c7d\u673a\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u4ea7\u6280\u672f\u7684\u51c6\u5219\u662f\u8ffd\u6c42\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u7684\u65b0\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e00\u7ecf\u51fa\u73b0\u5c31\u6ce8\u5b9a\u8981\u88ab\u5e02\u573a\u4f53\u7cfb\u6240\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5e76\u52a0\u901f\u5176\u793e\u4f1a\u5316\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u8fc5\u901f\u4e0a\u5347\u4e3a\u6539\u53d8\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u683c\u5c40\u7684\u63a8\u8fdb\u5668\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5faa\u7740\u8fd9\u4e2a\u601d\u8def\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u8d77\u70b9\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e3a\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e2\u6709\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\u89c4\u8303\u865a\u62df\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u800c\u5e94\u8be5\u524d\u7f6e\u5230\u5982\u4f55\u5bf9\u7f51\u7edc\u5de5\u5177\u8fdb\u884c\u7406\u6027\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\u8fd9\u5f88\u81ea\u7136\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u8303\u5f0f\u4e0e\u5408\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\u53d7\u5236\u4e8e\u5176\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4ee5\u5176\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u5de5\u5177\u4e3a\u7269\u8d28\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\uff0c\u751f\u6d3b\u5de5\u5177\u4fe1\u606f\u542b\u91cf\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u63d0\u9ad8\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u751f\u6d3b\u8303\u5f0f\u4e0e\u5408\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\u8dc3\u8fc1\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u6761\u4ef6\uff1b\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u5bf9\u7f51\u7edc\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u7406\u6027\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5219\u673a\u5236\u6027\u5730\u5236\u7ea6\u7740\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u8d70\u5411\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u5316\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u5de5\u5177\u9009\u62e9\u201d\uff0c\u662f\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u9700\u8981\u4f18\u5148\u8003\u8651\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4ee5\u6b64\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5c06\u5728\u53d7\u63a7\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u6e17\u900f\u5728\u4eba\u7c7b\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u7edc\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u53d1\u6325\u4e0d\u65ad\u63d0\u5347\u4eba\u4eec\u8863\u3001\u98df\u3001\u4f4f\u3001\u884c\u53ca\u7cbe\u795e\u6587\u5316\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u542b\u91cf\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u5316\u6c34\u5e73\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000\u30002.\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u5f62\u6001\u662f\u7f51\u6c11\u751f\u6d3b\u6837\u6001\u7684\u8303\u5f0f\u5316<\/strong> <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5fae\u89c2\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7f51\u6c11\u4e2a\u4f53\u5bf9\u5176\u865a\u62df\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u7f51\u6c11\u751f\u6d3b\u8303\u5f0f\u7684\u751f\u6210\u3001\u7ef4\u6301\u548c\u4e0d\u65ad\u5b8c\u5584\uff0c\u5b9e\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u7f51\u6c11\u751f\u6d3b\u6837\u6001\u7684\u8303\u5f0f\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5355\u4e2a\u7f51\u6c11\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u6837\u6001\u662f\u81ea\u4e3b\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u7f51\u6c11\u751f\u6d3b\u8303\u5f0f\u7684\u751f\u6210\u3001\u7ef4\u6301\u548c\u4e0d\u65ad\u5b8c\u5584\u5219\u662f\u7ecf\u7531\u4e92\u52a8\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5728\u7684\u6f14\u8fdb\u89c4\u5f8b\u5c06\u662f\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u7a7a\u95f4\u786e\u7acb\u7f51\u6c11\u751f\u6d3b\u8303\u5f0f\u53ca\u5176\u884c\u4e3a\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u6b64\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u4fdd\u6301\u6709\u5e8f\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5b9e\u8df5\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\u90fd\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u590d\u6742\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u8981\u4f9d\u6258\u4e8e\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u56fa\u6709\u7684\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\u80fd\u529b\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u4ece\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u5217\u7ef4\u65af(Lewis\uff0cM.D.)\u7b49\u5b66\u8005\u6700\u65e9\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5176\u6784\u6210\u8981\u7d20\u6216\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u8026\u5408\u4e3a\u865a\u62df\u5b9e\u8df5\u6709\u5e8f\u5316\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u2468\u6234\u6c5d\u4e3a\u3001\u64cd\u9f99\u5175\u662f\u8f83\u65e9\u7814\u7a76\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u56fd\u5185\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531\u7269\u7406\u7ef4(Physical)\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u7ef4(Self)\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u7ef4(Social)\u548c\u5173\u7cfb\u7ef4(Relational)\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u2469\u6309\u7167\u970d\u5170\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5176\u57fa\u672c\u8868\u73b0\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u6d77\u91cf\u8981\u7d20\u81ea\u4e3b\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e0b\u5f62\u6210\u534f\u540c\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u5b8f\u89c2\u4e0a\u7684\u65b0\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5728\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u201c\u590d\u6742\u6027\u662f\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\uff0c\u5728\u8fdc\u79bb\u5e73\u8861\u3001\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u53d1\u5f62\u6210\u8017\u6563\u7ed3\u6784\u8fd9\u79cd\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u51fa\u7269\u7406\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u624d\u53ef\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u66f4\u9ad8\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4ea7\u751f\u51fa\u751f\u547d\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u7b49\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u201d\u3002(11)\u5728\u5148\u524d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u66fe\u628a\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7279\u5f81\u5f52\u7eb3\u4e3a\uff1a\u53ef\u5d4c\u5408\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u6df7\u5e8f\u73b0\u8c61\u3001\u865a\u5b9e\u5171\u751f\u3001\u4eba\u673a\u4ea4\u4e92\u3001\u591a\u4e3b\u4f53\u7b49\u3002(12)\u901a\u8fc7\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4eba\u7f51\u5408\u4e00\u7684\u8026\u5408\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0\u5176\u4ece\u7269\u7406\u5c42\u9762\u8d70\u5411\u793e\u4f1a\u5c42\u9762\u3001\u4ece\u4f4e\u9636\u884c\u4e3a\u8d70\u5411\u9ad8\u9636\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6f14\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u865a\u62df\u5b9e\u8df5\u7ecf\u9a8c\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u201c\u7f51\u4e2d\u4eba\u201d\u90fd\u5bf9\u5176\u201c\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u201d\u884c\u4e3a\u7ed3\u679c\u65e0\u4ece\u9884\u671f\uff0c\u8fd9\u8981\u4f9d\u201c\u8d85\u94fe\u63a5\u201d\u3001\u201cRe\u201d\u3001\u201c\u8d5e\u201d\u7b49\u7f51\u7edc\u60c5\u5883\u53d8\u5316\u548c\u4ea4\u4e92\u884c\u4e3a\u800c\u5b9a\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u884c\u4e3a\u90fd\u662f\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684\u3001\u5177\u6709\u4e2a\u4eba\u76ee\u7684\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4f5c\u4e3a\u603b\u4f53\u7684\u201c\u7f51\u7edc\u884c\u4e3a\u96c6\u5408\u201d\u5e76\u65e0\u5916\u754c\u5e72\u6270\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u7f51\u6c11\u751f\u6d3b\u6837\u6001\u7684\u8303\u5f0f\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5374\u81ea\u52a8\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u7740\uff0c\u4f17\u591a\u7f51\u6c11\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u81ea\u5728\u7684\u968f\u673a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6700\u7ec8\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e9b\u672a\u7ecf\u9884\u8bbe\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u751f\u6d3b\u8303\u5f0f\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u67d0\u7f51\u7edc\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u865a\u62df\u884c\u4e3a(\u5982\u5fae\u535a)\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e2a\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\u59cb\u7ec8\u662f\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u4e0e\u540c\u7c7b\u865a\u62df\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u540e\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u67d0\u4e9b\u534f\u540c\u548c\u9ed8\u5951\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5bfc\u81f4\u8be5\u7c7b\u865a\u62df\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u5316\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ece\u65e0\u5e8f\u5230\u6709\u5e8f\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u201c\u6df7\u6c8c\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u79e9\u5e8f\u201d\u7684\u4e34\u754c\u70b9\u5c31\u662f\u51fa\u73b0\u7f51\u7edc\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u65b0\u8d28\u5143\u7d20\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ee5\u6b64\u4e3a\u5185\u6838\u7684\u65b0\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7f51\u6c11\u751f\u6d3b\u6837\u6001\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u3001\u878d\u5408\u548c\u8303\u5f0f\u5316\uff0c\u662f\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u521b\u9020\u6027\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u751f\u6210\u4e0e\u6f14\u5316\u673a\u5236\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000\u30003.\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u5f62\u6001\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u5408\u4f5c\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u5316<\/strong> <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u66fe\u7ecf\u628a\u4eba\u770b\u505a\u662f\u624b\u6301\u5de5\u5177\u4ece\u4e8b\u52b3\u52a8\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u8005\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u8bf4\u7684\u4eba\u901a\u8fc7\u52b3\u52a8\u6539\u9020\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u6539\u9020\u4eba\u81ea\u8eab\u3002\u5728\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u67b6\u6784\u4e0b\uff0c\u201c\u5728\u7ebf\u201d(on line)\u5c31\u662f\u4eba\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5b9e\u8df5\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u7f51\u6c11\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u6765\u6784\u5efa\u5176\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u5bb6\u56ed\u5e76\u5728\u865a\u62df\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u6211\u518d\u9020\u3002\u7f51\u6c11\u4eec\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u5b9e\u8df5\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u7f51\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u4eba\u201d\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u76f8\u52a0\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u50cf\u73b0\u5b9e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e00\u6837\u4f9d\u6258\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5355\u5143\uff0c\u4e3a\u6b64\u4eba\u4eec\u521b\u9020\u6027\u5730\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u88ab\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u201c\u7fa4\u201d\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5f62\u6001\u3002\u5c31\u672c\u8d28\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u201c\u7fa4\u201d\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7f51\u6c11\u5408\u4f5c\u5171\u540c\u4f53\uff0c\u5176\u6210\u5458\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u884c\u4e3a\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u5316\u4e86\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5408\u4f5c\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5728\u5de5\u5177\u53d1\u5c55\u53f2\u4e2d\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u6027\u7684\u201c\u5de5\u5177\u8131\u57df\u201d\u5f80\u5f80\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u6280\u672f\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77\u4eba\u7c7b\u5408\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u9769\u547d\u6027\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u6839\u636e\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u5de5\u5177\u8fdb\u5316\u53f2\u5206\u4e3a\u624b\u5de5\u5de5\u5177\u65f6\u4ee3\u3001\u673a\u5668\u65f6\u4ee3\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u65f6\u4ee3\u4e09\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u674e\u4f2f\u806a\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u5bf9\u7b2c\u4e09\u9636\u6bb5\u5c06\u8981\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5929\u624d\u7684\u9884\u8a00\uff0c\u5373\u201c\u5171\u540c\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u4ea7\u80fd\u529b\u6210\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u8d22\u5bcc\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u6070\u662f\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u201c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u6027\u8d28\u201d\u3002(13)\u4e0e\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u5171\u540c\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u4ea7\u80fd\u529b\u201d\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e94\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u5408\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e5f\u5c06\u8fdb\u5165\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u65f6\u4ee3\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5728\u5de5\u4e1a\u793e\u4f1a\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u7269\u7406\u6027\u72b6\u662f\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u4e3b\u5ba2\u4f53\u5173\u7cfb\u4e5f\u662f\u660e\u786e\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u7269\u7406\u6027\u72b6\u662f\u6a21\u7cca\u7684\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u5408\u4f5c\u5173\u7cfb\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u591a\u4e3b\u4f53\u5e76\u5b58\u3001\u4e92\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4f53\u7b49\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u4ece\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u8bf4\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u6280\u672f\u7b26\u53f7\u4ea4\u6362\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u800c\u4eba\u4e0e\u7f51\u7684\u8026\u5408\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u8d85\u8d8a\u201c\u5728\u573a\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u4e0d\u5728\u573a\u201d\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u6027\u5206\u754c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u51fa\u73b0\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u4e00\u5bf9\u591a\u3001\u591a\u5bf9\u591a\u3001\u591a\u5bf9\u4e00\u7b49\u70b9\u5bf9\u9762\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u9009\u62e9\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5e76\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u5de5\u5177\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u540c\u65f6\u7ef4\u6301\u7740\u591a\u4e2a\u201c\u4e3b\u4f53\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e3b\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u201c\u901a\u8fc7\u805a\u96c6\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u800c\u751f\u6210\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u5ea6\u534f\u8c03\u6027\u548c\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u7684\u6709\u673a\u6574\u4f53\uff1b\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u7a81\u73b0(Emergence)\u73b0\u8c61\u201d(14)\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u6d77\u91cf\u7f51\u7edc\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u540e\u679c\u662f\u81ea\u52a8\u7a81\u73b0\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u610f\u6599\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u5373\u7f51\u6c11\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u5408\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u5408\u4f5c\u5173\u7cfb\u5df2\u8d85\u51fa\u4e00\u5df1\u8303\u56f4\u5e76\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u5f3a\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u57fa\u4e8e\u67d0\u79cd\u7f51\u7edc\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\u5f80\u5f80\u8fd8\u8981\u7ecf\u5386\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u6cd5\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53d6\u5f97\u73b0\u5b9e\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u8ba4\u53ef\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000\u30004.\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5f62\u6001\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5747\u8861<\/strong> <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5728\u4eba\u7c7b\u5386\u53f2\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u5747\u8861\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u6240\u9690\u542b\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\uff0c\u5176\u5177\u4f53\u8868\u73b0\u5f62\u6001\u4f9d\u6258\u4e8e\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0e\u201c\u5de5\u5177\u8131\u57df\u201d\u4fdd\u6301\u7740\u5927\u81f4\u540c\u6b65\u7684\u9012\u8fdb\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u6240\u53d6\u5f97\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u9879\u5212\u65f6\u4ee3\u6280\u672f\u521b\u65b0\u90fd\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u5de5\u5177\u8dc3\u8fc1\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u5f62\u6001\u6f14\u8fdb\uff0c\u800c\u6bcf\u4e00\u79cd\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u786e\u7acb\u90fd\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u79e9\u5e8f\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u518d\u4e00\u6b21\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u5728\u4eba\u7c7b\u65e9\u671f\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u57df\u7684\u4eba\u7fa4\u501f\u52a9\u4e8e\u624b\u5de5\u5de5\u5177\u4ece\u4e8b\u521d\u7ea7\u3001\u7b80\u964b\u548c\u5f7c\u6b64\u5b64\u7acb\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u90a3\u65f6\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4eba\u624b\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u5ef6\u957f\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u5176\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f20\u7edf\u4e14\u5bcc\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7406\u6027\u7684\u3002\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u201c\u5de5\u5177\u903b\u8f91\u201d\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u201c\u5728\u53e4\u5178\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u2018\u96c6\u4f53\u6027\u81ea\u7531\u2019\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e3a\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u6240\u541e\u6ca1\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5982\u8d21\u65af\u5f53\u6240\u8a00\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u4eba\u4eec\u89c9\u5f97\u627f\u8ba4\u4e2a\u4f53\u5bf9\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u6743\u5a01\u7684\u5b8c\u5168\u670d\u4ece\u4e0e\u8fd9\u79cd\u81ea\u7531\u4e4b\u95f4\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u5bb9\u4e4b\u5904\u201d(15)\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5de5\u4e1a\u9769\u547d\u4f7f\u4eba\u7c7b\u8fdb\u5165\u673a\u5668\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5e9e\u5927\u3001\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u201c\u673a\u5668\u201d\u5de5\u5177\u4f3c\u4e4e\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e4b\u624b\u5ef6\u957f\u81f3\u65e0\u9650\u8fdc\uff0c\u5176\u65f6\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u4ee5\u201c\u4e3b\u4f53\u6027\u201d\u3001\u201c\u5de5\u5177\u7406\u6027\u201d\u7b49\u6240\u8c13\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\u4e3a\u5185\u6838\u7684\u3002\u8d77\u521d\u662f\u5212\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u84b8\u6c7d\u673a\u6280\u672f\u7ed9\u4eba\u7c7b\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u5de5\u4e1a\u7528\u5177\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u4ece\u201c\u4f20\u7edf\u201d\u8d70\u5411\u201c\u73b0\u4ee3\u201d\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u8f6c\u578b\uff0c\u4f7f\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u5f62\u6001\u9010\u6e10\u6b65\u5165\u73b0\u4ee3\u6587\u660e\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u5230\u4e8619\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u7535\u6c14\u6280\u672f\u9769\u547d\u6781\u5927\u5730\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u5f62\u6001\u4e5f\u56e0\u5176\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u667a\u6167\u56e0\u7d20\u800c\u6b65\u5165\u6240\u8c13\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5b66\u8005\u4eec\u66fe\u7ecf\u5c06\u7f8e\u56fd\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u201c\u6c7d\u8f66\u4e0a\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u6c7d\u8f66\u52a0\u9ad8\u901f\u516c\u8def\u7684\u7f51\u683c\u5f0f\u6267\u6cd5\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u63a7\u5236\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u66f4\u6df1\u5c42\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u201c19\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u2018\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u9519\u4f4d\u3001\u89e3\u8131\u3001\u8131\u57df(disembeddedness)\u548c\u6839\u9664(uprooting)\u7684\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u987e\u4e00\u5207\u5730\u8bd5\u56fe\u91cd\u65b0\u627f\u8d1f\u3001\u91cd\u65b0\u5d4c\u5165\u3001\u91cd\u65b0\u690d\u6839\u7684\u4f1f\u5927\u4e16\u7eaa\u2019\u3002\u897f\u65b9\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\u548c\u6cd5\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u540e\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u6210\u957f\uff0c\u5efa\u6784\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u65b0\u79e9\u5e8f\u4fbf\u6210\u4e3a\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0d\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u201d(16)\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u6b21\u6b21\u793e\u4f1a\u8f6c\u578b\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u786e\u7acb\u4e86\u201c\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\u201d\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u53d6\u5411\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u7980\u8d4b\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u79e9\u5e8f\u5728\u57ce\u5e02\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u6837\u6001\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\uff0c\u673a\u5668\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u767e\u5e74\u7edf\u6cbb\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u5982\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u6240\u8a00\u201c\u6bd4\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e00\u5207\u4e16\u4ee3\u521b\u9020\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u8fd8\u8981\u591a\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u5927\u201d\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5947\u8ff9\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u65f6\u4ee3\u77ed\u77ed\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u5c31\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b\u8303\u5f0f\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u5408\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u98a0\u8986\u6027\u53d8\u9769\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7b3c\u7f69\u4e8e\u5168\u7403\u7684\u5de8\u578b\u5de5\u5177\u5df2\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e4b\u624b\u7684\u7ee7\u7eed\u5ef6\u957f\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e4b\u8111\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u548c\u589e\u91cf\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u4e0e\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e00\u5207\u4e16\u4ee3\u6240\u521b\u9020\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u4eba\u7c7b\u5de5\u5177\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u5185\u5728\u89c4\u5b9a\u6027\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u9769\u547d\u6027\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u4ece\u5386\u53f2\u5f62\u6001\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6001\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u5b83\u8981\u6c42\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8981\u5728\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u8bed\u5883\u4e2d\u7406\u89e3\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8981\u5728\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u5de5\u4e1a\u9769\u547d\u8fd9\u4e00\u65b0\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u53bb\u5bfb\u627e\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\u5750\u6807\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000\u4e09\u3001\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8bae\u9898<\/strong> <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5728\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6240\u5728\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u5e72\u9884\u548c\u653f\u5e9c\u7ba1\u7406\u90fd\u906d\u9047\u4e86\u201c\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u5371\u673a\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u8bba\u8005\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0d\u628a\u7f51\u7edc\u89c4\u5236\u7684\u6b63\u5f53\u6027\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u59cb\u7aef\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u76f8\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u8bf4\u660e\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u5212\u5206\u3001\u6743\u529b\u7ed3\u6784\u4ee5\u53ca\u56fd\u5bb6\u6c11\u65cf\u7279\u8272\u7b49\u57fa\u672c\u95ee\u9898\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u30001.\u7f51\u7edc\u89c4\u5236\u662f\u5426\u5177\u6709\u6b63\u5f53\u6027<\/strong> <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u865a\u62df\u4e16\u754c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u592a\u591a\u7684\u9ebb\u70e6\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u793e\u4f1a\u79e9\u5e8f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u901a\u8fc7\u53cd\u601d\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u5728\u56fd\u5bb6\u5e72\u9884\u5b58\u5728\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u5371\u673a\u201d\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u65e0\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e5f\u5e76\u65e0\u5341\u8db3\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u6027\u3002\u6709\u4e13\u5bb6\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4f7f\u201c\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e00\u4e0b\u5b50\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u529b\u91cf\u8be5\u600e\u6837\u7528\uff0c\u4ea4\u7ed9\u8c01\u7ba1\u5408\u9002\u3002\u5f80\u53f3\u504f\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u4eba\u7c7b\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u6700\u4e25\u9177\u3001\u6700\u65e0\u5b54\u4e0d\u5165\u7684\u4e13\u5236\uff0c\u5f80\u5de6\u504f\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u53c8\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u6bc1\u706d\u4eba\u7c7b\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u65e0\u653f\u5e9c\u72b6\u6001\u201d(17)\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u9010\u6e10\u6210\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8bae\u9898\uff0c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u4eba\u5f00\u59cb\u8ba4\u540c\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u4e2d\u5e94\u6709\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5982\u6b27\u76df\u8868\u793a\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u8981\u6709\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u9002\u5ea6\u5e72\u9884\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u5ba3\u5e03\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0d\u662f\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u771f\u7a7a\u5730\u5e26\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u5219\u4e3b\u5f20\u653f\u5e9c\u8981\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u5f00\u53d1\u5546\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u548c\u7528\u6237\u4e00\u540c\u5171\u540c\u8c03\u63a7\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u56fd\u5bb6\u90fd\u5bf9\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u8fdb\u884c\u7740\u4e0d\u540c\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u76d1\u7763\u5ba1\u67e5\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u5236\u5ea6\u5b89\u6392\u6b63\u5728\u88ab\u4eba\u4eec\u6240\u671f\u5f85\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u56de\u7b54\u7f51\u7edc\u89c4\u5236\u6b63\u5f53\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u5462\uff1f\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u6280\u672f\u96c6\u6210\u7269\uff0c\u800c\u5bf9\u9ad8\u6280\u672f\u53ca\u5176\u793e\u4f1a\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u9884\u5224\u548c\u89c4\u5236\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u5f53\u4e0b\u201c\u98ce\u9669\u793e\u4f1a\u201d\u6700\u7d27\u8981\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u672a\u6765\u8d70\u5411\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u514b\u9686\u6280\u672f\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u7eb3\u7c73\u6280\u672f\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u6280\u672f\u66f4\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u4e3b\u4f53\u4ea4\u4e92\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u8d85\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u79c1\u201d\u7684\u8303\u7574\u800c\u5fc5\u987b\u987e\u53ca\u516c\u5171\u5229\u76ca\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u79e9\u5e8f\u3002\u201c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u54ea\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u771f\u6b63\u653e\u5f03\u4e86\u5bf9\u7f51\u7edc\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u51fa\u4e8e\u6559\u80b2\u5f15\u5bfc\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u3001\u963b\u6b62\u6050\u6016\u6d3b\u52a8\u3001\u4fdd\u62a4\u56fd\u5bb6\u6743\u76ca\u3001\u9650\u5236\u4e0d\u6b63\u5f53\u7ade\u4e89\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8003\u8651\uff0c\u4ece\u653f\u5e9c\u90e8\u95e8\u5230\u5355\u4f4d\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u90fd\u4ece\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5c42\u9762\u7ba1\u7406\u7740\u7f51\u7edc\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5c06\u5bf9\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u4e0e\u7ba1\u7406\u89c6\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u4e49\u4e0d\u5bb9\u8f9e\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u548c\u4e49\u52a1\u3002\u201d(18)\u518d\u6b21\uff0c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5177\u6709\u6781\u5f3a\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u6027\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u72c2\u6b22\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5bf9\u6574\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5982\u6709\u5b66\u8005\u6240\u8a00\uff0c\u201c\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u7a7a\u95f4\u6216\u79f0\u2018\u865a\u62df\u5b9e\u5728\u2019(Virtual reality)\u5728\u5176\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c(Reality)\u7684\u865a\u62df\uff0c\u2018\u865a\u62df\u5b9e\u5728\u2019\u4e0d\u662f\u53e6\u7c7b\u793e\u4f1a\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u2018\u5929\u5802\u2019\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u5bf9\u7f51\u7edc\u8d8a\u8f68\u5224\u5b9a\u9002\u7528\u7684\u662f\u73b0\u5b9e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u7684\u51c6\u5219\u6216\u4ef7\u503c\u5224\u65ad\u201d(19)\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u30002.\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u5728\u54ea\u91cc<\/strong> <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u4e00\u822c\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u4e09\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\u6765\u5212\u5206\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c\u5373\u7f51\u7edc\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u865a\u62df\u4e0e\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u56fd\u9645\u6cbb\u7406\u3002\u76f8\u5e94\u5730\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u79e9\u5e8f\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u51dd\u7ed3\u6210\u4e09\u4e2a\u8fb9\u754c\u6027\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662f\u6df7\u5e8f(Chaord=Chaos+order)\u754c\u9762\u3001\u865a\u5b9e\u754c\u9762\u548c\u56fd\u9645\u754c\u9762\u95ee\u9898\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u4ece\u7f51\u7edc\u7a7a\u95f4(cybersociety)\u5c42\u9762\u770b\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6784\u7b51\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d4b\u4e88\u4eba\u7c7b\u751f\u547d\u65b0\u5185\u6db5\u7684\u65f6\u7a7a\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u865a\u62df\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u67d0\u79cd\u76f8\u5bf9\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u573a\u57df\u3002\u8bb8\u8328\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u4e16\u754c\u662f\u5177\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7684\uff0c\u201c\u53ea\u8981\u4e3b\u4f53\u4e4b\u67d0\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7ecf\u9a8c\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u98ce\u683c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5c31\u8fd9\u79cd\u98ce\u683c\u800c\u8a00\u524d\u540e\u4e00\u81f4\u4e14\u5f7c\u6b64\u76f8\u5bb9\u201d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u5c31\u6784\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u6709\u9650\u610f\u4e49\u57df\u201d(20)\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u5b9e\u8df5\u662f\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u578b\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b83\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u751f\u6d3b\u53ca\u5176\u76f8\u4e92\u5408\u4f5c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u52a0\u4e30\u5bcc\u548c\u66f4\u52a0\u591a\u6837\u5316\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0e\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u6709\u9650\u610f\u4e49\u57df\u201d\u5c31\u662f\u72ed\u4e49\u7684\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u65e0\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3b\u4e49\u6240\u7740\u610f\u62a4\u536b\u7684\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8fb9\u754c\u3002\u4ece\u865a\u62df\u4e0e\u73b0\u5b9e\u5173\u7cfb\u5c42\u9762\u770b\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u4e16\u754c\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u4fe1\u606f\u7f51\u7edc\u6280\u672f\u4e3b\u5bfc\u4e0b\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u793e\u4f1a\u4e9a\u5f62\u6001\uff0c\u800c\u865a\u62df\u5b9e\u8df5\u5219\u662f\u4fe1\u606f\u65f6\u4ee3\u7279\u6709\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u7ad9\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u7a7a\u95f4\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5b64\u7acb\u5c01\u95ed\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u73b0\u5b9e\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5ef6\u4f38\uff0c\u662f\u4fe1\u606f\u793e\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\u5230\u7f51\u7edc\u5316\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u73b0\u5b9e\u6027\u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e7f\u4e49\u7684\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u88ab\u4eba\u4eec\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u793e\u4f1a\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u5236\u4e3b\u4e49\u6240\u5f3a\u8c03\u7684\u5927\u7f51\u7edc\u8fb9\u754c\u3002\u5361\u65af\u7279\u5728\u300a\u7f51\u7edc\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5d1b\u8d77\u300b\u4e2d\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53bb\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u3001\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6c9f\u901a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u7f51\u7edc\u5a92\u4ecb\uff0c\u5145\u5206\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u201c\u7f51\u7edc\u5316\u903b\u8f91\u201d\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u5f62\u6001\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u79e9\u5e8f\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e9a\u5f62\u6001\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e5f\u53ea\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u5316\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u4e00\u9685\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u6b64\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9\u7f51\u7edc\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u865a\u62df\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u6709\u6548\u89c4\u5236\uff0c\u800c\u7f51\u7edc\u89c4\u5236\u7684\u7126\u70b9\u5219\u662f\u805a\u96c6\u4e86\u8bf8\u591a\u865a\u62df\u4e0e\u73b0\u5b9e\u5173\u7cfb\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u865a\u5b9e\u754c\u9762\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u754c\u9762\u4e0a\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u79e9\u5e8f\u5177\u6709\u516c\u5171\u4ea7\u54c1\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8981\u534f\u8c03\u865a\u62df\u5b9e\u8df5\u800c\u4e14\u8981\u5f71\u54cd\u73b0\u5b9e\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8981\u4fdd\u62a4\u7f51\u6c11\u6743\u76ca\u800c\u4e14\u8981\u4fdd\u62a4\u793e\u4f1a\u516c\u76ca\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u79e9\u5e8f\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u6211\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u66f4\u52a0\u9700\u8981\u653f\u5e9c\u7ba1\u5236\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u5c31\u4f1a\u5904\u4e8e\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u548c\u4e0d\u53ef\u63a7\u72b6\u6001\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u4ece\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u56fd\u9645\u6cbb\u7406\u5c42\u9762\u770b\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u65e2\u5177\u6709\u8de8\u56fd\u6027\u4e5f\u4f53\u73b0\u56fd\u5bb6\u610f\u5fd7\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6709\u4e3b\u6743\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5982\u4e2d\u56fd\u57df\u540d\u201c.cn\u201d\u5f53\u7136\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u8981\u7531\u4e3b\u6743\u56fd\u6765\u7ba1\u8f96\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u867d\u6709\u56fd\u9645\u7f51\u5173\u7b49\u9632\u62a4\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u7269\u7406\u8fb9\u754c\u4e5f\u5f88\u96be\u5212\u5b9a\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7ba1\u8f96\u6743\u5177\u6709\u6a21\u7cca\u6027\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5173\u952e\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u5206\u914d\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u5982\u9876\u7ea7\u57df\u540d\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u6743\u5f52\u5c5e\u3001\u57df\u540d\u6839\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u638c\u7ba1\u7b49\uff0c\u90fd\u5173\u7cfb\u5230\u5404\u56fd\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u56fd\u9645\u7ade\u4e89\u529b\uff0c\u4e5f\u90fd\u662f\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u56fd\u9645\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u7126\u70b9\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u5783\u573e\u90ae\u4ef6\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u7acb\u6cd5\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u7ba1\u5236\u3001\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ea7\u6743\u4ee5\u53ca\u7f8e\u56fd\u5bf9DNS\u6839\u533a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5355\u8fb9\u63a7\u5236\u7b49\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u56fd\u9645\u6cbb\u7406\u95ee\u9898\u65e5\u6e10\u5347\u6e29\uff0c\u9010\u6e10\u6c47\u805a\u6210\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u754c\u9762\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u754c\u9762\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u56fd\u9645\u6cbb\u7406\u95ee\u9898\u5f88\u591a\u4e5f\u5f88\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u4f46\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8bc9\u6c42\u662f\u4e3b\u6743\u516c\u5e73\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u56fd\u9645\u6cbb\u7406\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u9700\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u6743\u516c\u5e73\u7684\u8de8\u56fd\u6cbb\u7406\u673a\u5236\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000\u30003.\u8c01\u662f\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u6743\u529b\u4e3b\u4f53<\/strong> <\/p>\n

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\u3000\u3000\u5728\u591a\u4e3b\u4f53\u6743\u529b\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u653f\u5e9c\u804c\u80fd\uff0c\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u5176\u4ed6\u4e3b\u4f53\u4ee5\u53ca\u793e\u4f1a\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u5b83\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u591a\u5143\u4e3b\u4f53\u4ee5\u591a\u6837\u5316\u5f62\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u534f\u8c03\u6d3b\u52a8\u548c\u79e9\u5e8f\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u591a\u4e3b\u4f53\u6743\u529b\u7ed3\u6784\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u534f\u540c\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u6bd4\u73b0\u884c\u7684\u79d1\u5c42\u4f53\u5236\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u5927\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u79cd\u6743\u529b\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u7ba1\u7406\u4e3b\u4f53\u5c06\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u79cd\u627f\u8ba4\u3001\u4fdd\u62a4\u548c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5927\u73af\u5883\uff1b\u7f51\u6c11\u516c\u4f17\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e5f\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u6211\u5b8c\u5584\u800c\u5f62\u6210\u9ad8\u6c34\u5e73\u5bf9\u8bdd\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u9ad8\u6548\u534f\u8c03\u673a\u5236\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u591a\u4e3b\u4f53\u6743\u529b\u7ed3\u6784\u5e94\u8be5\u7531\u4e09\u4e2a\u673a\u5236\u8026\u5408\u800c\u6210\uff1a\u5176\u4e00\u662f\u81ea\u5f8b\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5373\u591a\u5143\u4e3b\u4f53\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u7ba1\u7406\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u867d\u7136\u591a\u4e3b\u4f53\u6743\u529b\u7ed3\u6784\u4e5f\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u5f15\u5bfc\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5171\u540c\u51c6\u5219\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u6027\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5176\u4e8c\u662f\u4ed6\u5f8b\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5373\u653f\u5e9c\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u6709\u6548\u53d1\u6325\u3002\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u201c\u81ea\u5f8b\u201d\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u201c\u4ed6\u5f8b\u201d\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u5176\u5e94\u5c3d\u7684\u804c\u8d23\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u4e8b\u5173\u7f51\u7edc\u6b63\u4e49\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u67b6\u6784\u3002\u5176\u4e09\u662f\u4e92\u5f8b\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5373\u591a\u5143\u4e3b\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u5236\u7ea6\u3002\u5b83\u8981\u6c42\u5404\u7c7b\u7f51\u7edc\u4e3b\u4f53\u5e73\u7b49\u5bf9\u5f85\u4e0d\u540c\u8bc9\u6c42\u3001\u89c4\u8303\u53c2\u4e0e\u865a\u62df\u5b9e\u8df5\u3001\u7406\u6027\u534f\u5546\u6709\u5173\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u95ee\u9898\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000\u30004.\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e0e\u6c11\u65cf\u7279\u8272<\/strong> <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u628a\u201c\u5de5\u5177\u8131\u57df\u201d\u53d1\u5c55\u5230\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u7f51\u7edc\u6240\u7b3c\u7f69\uff0c\u5176\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u548c\u76f8\u4e92\u5408\u4f5c\u51e0\u4e4e\u5168\u90e8\u9644\u7740\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u5e73\u53f0\u4e4b\u4e0a\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u5927\u884c\u5176\u9053\u7684\u5f53\u4e0b\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u8fd8\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e0e\u6c11\u65cf\u7279\u8272\u5462\uff1f\u7ecf\u9a8c\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u4f7f\u7528\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u7c7b\u201d\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e2d\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u865a\u62df\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u53c8\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u201c\u7fa4\u201d\u800c\u5c45\u4e4b\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u524d\u6587\u8bf4\u8fc7\u7684\u201c\u7fa4\u201d\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u6070\u662f\u8fd9\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u65e0\u6240\u4e0d\u5728\u7684\u201c\u7fa4\u201d\uff0c\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e0e\u6c11\u65cf\u7279\u8272\u3002 <\/p>\n

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\u3000\u3000\u7efc\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u6d3b\u8dc3\u5728\u865a\u62df\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u8272\u7f51\u201c\u7fa4\u201d\uff0c\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u5730\u65b9\u5143\u7d20\u548c\u6c11\u65cf\u5143\u7d20\u53cc\u91cd\u5bcc\u96c6\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u4ee5\u6b64\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u7f51\u6c11\u751f\u6d3b\u8303\u5f0f\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u5408\u4f5c\u5173\u7cfb\u5c31\u4f1a\u5448\u73b0\u51fa\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5730\u57df\u3001\u6c11\u65cf\u4e4b\u98ce\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u4e00\u56fd\u7684\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u4ed6\u56fd\u7684\u4e2a\u6027\u7279\u70b9\u3002\u5fae\u89c2\u5730\u770b\uff0c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5de5\u5177\u6240\u4f9d\u6258\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5b9e\u8df5\u7fa4\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5bcc\u96c6\u7740\u7279\u5b9a\u5730\u65b9\u3001\u6c11\u65cf\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5355\u5143\uff1b\u5c31\u5b8f\u89c2\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u8fd9\u7c7b\u865a\u62df\u5b9e\u8df5\u7fa4\u7ec8\u5c06\u4f1a\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u7279\u8272\u884c\u4e3a\u65b9\u5f0f\u5e76\u4e14\u5f70\u663e\u5176\u56fd\u5bb6\u6c11\u65cf\u7279\u8272\u3002\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u56fd\u7684\u865a\u62df\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8981\u5177\u6709\u56fd\u5bb6\u7279\u8272\u800c\u4e14\u8981\u517c\u5907\u4e16\u754c\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u4f46\u600e\u6837\u83b7\u5f97\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u7980\u8d4b\u5219\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u5f53\u590d\u6742\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000\u6ce8\u91ca\uff1a<\/strong> <\/p>\n

\u3000\u2460(13)\u674e\u4f2f\u806a\uff1a\u300a\u793e\u4f1a\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u4e09\u9636\u6bb5\u548c\u5de5\u5177\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u4e09\u9636\u6bb5\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u54f2\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u300b2002\u5e74\u7b2c11\u671f\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u2461(15)(16)\u5f20\u65c5\u5e73\u3001\u8d75\u7acb\u73ae\uff1a\u300a\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u79e9\u5e8f\uff1a\u897f\u65b9\u793e\u4f1a\u7ba1\u7406\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u6f14\u8fdb\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u300b2012\u5e74\u7b2c3\u671f\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u2462\u4f55\u660e\u5347\u3001\u767d\u6dd1\u82f1\uff1a\u300a\u8bba\u201c\u5728\u7ebf\u201d\u751f\u5b58\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u54f2\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u300b2004\u5e74\u7b2c12\u671f\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u2463\u51af\u9e4f\u5fd7\uff1a\u300a\u4ece\u6df7\u6c8c\u8d70\u5411\u5171\u751f\u2014\u2014\u5173\u4e8e\u865a\u62df\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u53ca\u5176\u4e0e\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u4e4b\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u601d\u8003\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u81ea\u7136\u8fa9\u8bc1\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76\u300b2002\u5e74\u7b2c7\u671f\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u2464\u5e84\u53cb\u5219\uff1a\u300a\u7f51\u7edc\u65f6\u4ee3\u4e0e\u98ce\u9669\u793e\u4f1a\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u6dee\u9634\u5e08\u8303\u5b66\u9662\u5b66\u62a5\u300b2004\u5e74\u7b2c4\u671f\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u2465\u5f20\u5eb7\u4e4b\uff1a\u300a\u8bba\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u79e9\u5e8f\u4f9b\u7ed9\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u4e1c\u5357\u5b66\u672f\u300b2001\u5e74\u7b2c6\u671f\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u2466E.\u8212\u5c14\u66fc\uff1a\u300a\u79d1\u6280\u65f6\u4ee3\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u672a\u6765\u2014\u2014\u5728\u54f2\u5b66\u6df1\u5c42\u7684\u6311\u6218\u300b\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e1c\u65b9\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1995\u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c177\u9875\u3001\u7b2c13\u9875\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u2467R.K.\u9ed8\u987f\uff1a\u300a\u5341\u4e03\u4e16\u7eaa\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u6280\u672f\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u300b\uff0c\u6210\u90fd\uff1a\u56db\u5ddd\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1996\u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c20\u9875\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u2468Lewis,M.D.,& Granic,I.:”Who put the self in self-organization? A clarification of terms and concepts for developmental psychopathology”\uff0cDevelopment and Psychopathology,1999,11,365-374. <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u2469\u6234\u6c5d\u4e3a\u3001\u64cd\u9f99\u5175\uff1a\u300aInternet\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5de8\u7cfb\u7edf\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u300b(E\u8f91)2003\u5e74\u7b2c4\u671f\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000(11)\u8bb8\u56fd\u5fd7\u4e3b\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u300b\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\uff1a\u4e0a\u6d77\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2000\u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c298\u9875\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000(12)\u4f55\u660e\u5347\uff1a\u300a\u590d\u6742\u5de8\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u2014\u2014\u793e\u4f1a\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u89c6\u89d2\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u5b66\u672f\u4ea4\u6d41\u300b2005\u5e74\u7b2c7\u671f\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000(14)\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u970d\u5170\uff1a\u300a\u6d8c\u73b0\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u6df7\u6c8c\u5230\u6709\u5e8f\u300b\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\uff1a\u4e0a\u6d77\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2001\u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c85\u9875\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000(17)\u738b\u5c0f\u4e1c\uff1a\u300a\u4fe1\u606f\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u5730\u56fe\u300b\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1997\u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c190\u9875\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000(18)\u9648\u534e\u680b\u3001\u4e8e\u671d\u9633\u3001\u80e1\u8587\u8587\uff1a\u300a\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u7f51\u7edc\u6587\u5316\u5efa\u8bbe\u7ba1\u7406\u6a21\u5f0f\u6bd4\u8f83\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u501f\u9274\u601d\u8003\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u601d\u60f3\u7406\u8bba\u6559\u80b2\u300b2010\u5e74\u7b2c17\u671f\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000(19)\u80e1\u65b0\u534e\u3001\u9648\u6653\u5f3a\uff1a\u300a\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u7f51\u6c11\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u8d8a\u8f68\u53ca\u5176\u793e\u4f1a\u63a7\u5236\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u9752\u5e74\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u9662\u5b66\u62a5\u300b2002\u5e74\u7b2c9\u671f\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000(20)\u82cf\u56fd\u52cb\u4e3b\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u5f53\u4ee3\u897f\u65b9\u8457\u540d\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u8bc4\u4f20(\u7b2c\u5341\u5377\u00b7\u793e\u4f1a\u54f2\u5b66)\u300b\uff0c\u6d4e\u5357\uff1a\u5c71\u4e1c\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1996\u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c365-366\u9875\u3002 <\/p>\n

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